具体实施方式

下面将结合本申请实施例中附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。

应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。同时，在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。

请参照图1，图1是本申请一些实施例中的一种超构表面件设计方法，用于设计用以替代光学系统中的目标模块的超构表面件，光学系统包括光源、光学传感器和至少一个设置在光源和光学传感器之间的光学元件，其中连续的至少一个光学元件组成目标模块（即其中一个光学元件组成目标模块或其中连续的多个光学元件组成目标模块），目标模块前侧的所有器件组成前向模块，目标模块后侧的所有器件组成后向模块；

该超构表面件设计方法包括步骤：

A1.获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据；

A2.根据各光学元件的传输函数和光源的发射面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据；

A3.根据各光学元件的传输函数和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据；

A4.根据目标模块的前波面光场分布数据和目标模块的后波面光场分布数据计算超构表面相位分布数据；

A5.根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件。

只需要获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，即可通过简单计算得到超构表面件的超构表面相位分布数据，进而根据该超构表面相位分布数据设计得到超构表面件，使设计得到的超构表面件能够实现目标模块的功能，用该超构表面件替换目标模块后，可以在保持光学系统的性能不变的情况下简化光学系统的结构。

其中，光学系统中的光学元件一般为多个，但也可以是一个；目标模块是由连续（指排序连续）的待替换的光学元件组成的模块，当光学元件只有一个时，则该光学元件就是目标模块，当光学元件有多个时，目标模块可以包括一个或多个光学元件（该多个光学元件的排序连续）。

如图4所示，优化前的光学系统（即原光学系统）包括光源、光学传感器和设置在光源和光学传感器之间的N个光学元件（即图中的元件1，元件2，…，元件N），各光学元件的序号从靠近光源的一侧向靠近光学传感器的一侧依次增加，从而，前侧是指靠近光源的一侧，后侧是指靠近光学传感器的一侧，图中的z轴与光学系统的光轴重合，y轴朝上，x轴的方向通过右手定则确定，其中，光源和前j-1个光学元件组成前向模块，第j个光学元件至第k个光学元件组成目标模块（即j为目标模块中的首个光学元件的序号，k为目标模块中的最后一个光学元件的序号），第k+1个光学元件至第N个光学元件和光学传感器组成后向模块。

其中，光学元件包括但不限于透镜、反射镜等利用厚度和/或表面改变光束特性以控制光束传输的器件中的至少一种。

其中，可以把一个个光学元件作为目标模块，也可以把任意连续的多个光学元件的组合作为目标模块。例如图4中， j可以等于1，k可以等于N，当j=1时，光源为前向模块，当k=N时，光学传感器为后向模块，当j=1且k=N时，目标模块由所有光学元件组成。一般地k大于j，但也可以等于j，当k等于j时，表示目标模块仅包括一个光学元件（一般地，当一个光学元件的结构复杂、占用空间大和/或价格较高时，可以用超构表面件进行替换）。

其中，本申请中的光场分布数据是指光强的分布数据。步骤A1中，光源的发射面的光场分布数据是该发射面上的光强的分布数据，光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据是该接收面上的光强的分布数据。光源的发射面的光场分布数据和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据可以事先测定得到。

其中，步骤A1中，可以根据元件特性和衍射计算原理计算光学元件的传输函数，或者通过仿真计算得到光学元件的传输函数。一般地，对于结构简单的光学元件，可以根据该光学元件的元件特性和衍射计算原理计算其传输函数（具体计算方法为现有技术，此处不对其进行详述），对于结构复杂的光学元件，可以通过仿真计算得到其传输函数（例如通过有限元法或有限差分时间域方法来进行仿真计算）。

具体地，步骤A2包括：

若前向模块仅包括光源（即j=1），则根据以下公式计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据：

；

其中，x、y分别为横坐标和纵坐标（如图4所示，右手坐标系xyz的z轴与光学系统的光轴重合，且正z轴方向从前向后，x轴和y轴均垂直于z轴，且x轴和y轴相互垂直，横坐标即x轴坐标，纵坐标即y轴坐标），为目标模块的前波面光场分布数据，为光源的发射面的光场分布数据，为傅里叶变换函数，e为自然对数的底数，为虚数符号，为光源的发射光的波长，为光源的发射面到第一个光学元件的前波面的距离（为已知值）；

若前向模块包含光学元件（即j≥2），则根据以下公式计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据：

；

；

其中，m为序号，为第m个光学元件的前波面光场分布数据，为第m-1个光学元件的前波面光场分布数据，为第m-1个光学元件的传输函数，j为目标模块中的首个光学元件的序号，为第j个光学元件的前波面光场分布数据，为第m-1个光学元件的后波面到第m个光学元件的前波面的距离（均为已知值）；具体地，根据上面的公式，按m=1至m=j的顺序（即m的升序顺序），依次计算，直到计算得到，把该作为目标模块的前波面光场分布数据。

从而，通过简单计算可以得到目标模块的前波面光场分布数据。

具体地，步骤A3包括：

若后向模块仅包括光学传感器（即k=N），则根据以下公式计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据：

；

其中，为光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，为傅里叶变换函数，为目标模块的后波面光场分布数据，为光学传感器的接收面到第N个光学元件的后波面的距离（为已知值）；

若后向模块包含光学元件（即k≤N-1），则根据以下公式计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据：

;

;

其中，n为序号，为第n个光学元件的后波面光场分布数据，为第n+1个光学元件的后波面光场分布数据，为第n+1个光学元件的传输函数，k为目标模块中的最后一个光学元件的序号，为第k个光学元件的后波面光场分布数据，为第n+1个光学元件的前波面到第n个光学元件的后波面的距离（均为已知值）；具体地，根据上面的公式，按n=N至n=k的顺序（即n的降序顺序），依次计算，直到计算得到，把该作为目标模块的后波面光场分布数据。

从而，通过简单计算可以得到目标模块的后波面光场分布数据。

具体地，步骤A4中，根据以下公式计算超构表面相位分布数据：

；

其中，为超构表面相位分布数据，为相位提取函数。

从而，通过简单计算可以得到超构表面相位分布数据。

其中，步骤A5中，根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件具体是根据超构表面相位分布数据对超构表面件的超构表面上的微纳结构进行设计，具体设计方法为现有技术，此处不对其进行详述。

由上可知，该超构表面件设计方法，获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光源的发射面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据；根据目标模块的前波面光场分布数据和目标模块的后波面光场分布数据计算超构表面相位分布数据；根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件；从而使设计得到的超构表面件能够实现被替换光学元件组合所共同实现的功能，有利于简化光学系统的结构。

参考图2，本申请提供了一种超构表面件设计装置，用于设计用以替代光学系统中的目标模块的超构表面件，光学系统包括光源、光学传感器和至少一个设置在光源和光学传感器之间的光学元件，其中连续的至少一个光学元件组成目标模块，目标模块前侧的所有器件组成前向模块，目标模块后侧的所有器件组成后向模块；

该超构表面件设计装置包括：

获取模块1，用于获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据（具体参考前文的步骤A1）；

第一计算模块2，用于根据各光学元件的传输函数和光源的发射面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据（具体参考前文的步骤A2）；

第二计算模块3，用于根据各光学元件的传输函数和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据（具体参考前文的步骤A3）；

第三计算模块4，用于根据目标模块的前波面光场分布数据和目标模块的后波面光场分布数据计算超构表面相位分布数据（具体参考前文的步骤A4）；

设计模块5，用于根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件（具体参考前文的步骤A5）。

请参照图3，图3为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图，本申请提供一种电子设备，包括：处理器301和存储器302，处理器301和存储器302通过通信总线303和/或其他形式的连接机构（未标出）互连并相互通讯，存储器302存储有处理器301可执行的计算机程序，当电子设备运行时，处理器301执行该计算机程序，以执行上述实施例的任一可选的实现方式中的超构表面件设计方法，以实现以下功能：获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光源的发射面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据；根据目标模块的前波面光场分布数据和目标模块的后波面光场分布数据计算超构表面相位分布数据；根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件。

本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时，执行上述实施例的任一可选的实现方式中的超构表面件设计方法，以实现以下功能：获取各光学元件的传输函数、光源的发射面的光场分布数据以及光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光源的发射面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的前波面光场分布数据；根据各光学元件的传输函数和光学传感器的接收面的光场分布数据，计算目标模块的后波面光场分布数据；根据目标模块的前波面光场分布数据和目标模块的后波面光场分布数据计算超构表面相位分布数据；根据超构表面相位分布数据设计超构表面件。其中，计算机可读存储介质可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器（Static Random AccessMemory, 简称SRAM），电可擦除可编程只读存储器（Electrically Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory, 简称EEPROM），可擦除可编程只读存储器（Erasable ProgrammableRead Only Memory, 简称EPROM），可编程只读存储器（Programmable Red-Only Memory,简称PROM），只读存储器（Read-Only Memory, 简称ROM），磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。

本申请还提供了一种光学系统优化方法，包括：基于前文的超构表面件设计方法得到超构表面件，并用超构表面件替换原光学系统中的目标模块。

例如图4为原光学系统，图5为优化后的光学系统，通过用一个超构表面件替代原来的第j-第k个光学元件，在保持光学系统的性能不变的情况下，简化了光学系统的结构。

优选地，用超构表面件替换原光学系统中的目标模块的步骤包括：

若前向模块包含光学元件（即j≥2），则使替换后的超构表面件的超构表面与前向模块中最后一个光学元件的后波面的距离等于原光学系统中的前向模块中最后一个光学元件的后波面与目标模块的首个光学元件的前波面的距离；

若前向模块仅包括光源（即j=1），则使替换后的超构表面件的超构表面与光源的发射面的距离等于原光学系统中的第一个光学元件的前波面与光源的发射面的距离；

若后向模块包含光学元件（即k≤N-1），则使替换后的超构表面件的超构表面与后向模块中首个光学元件的前波面的距离等于原光学系统中的后向模块中首个光学元件的前波面与目标模块的最后一个光学元件的后波面的距离；

若后向模块仅包括光学传感器（即k=N），则使替换后的超构表面件的超构表面与光学传感器的接收面的距离等于原光学系统中的最后一个光学元件的后波面到光学传感器的接收面的距离。

从而保证替换后的光学系统与原光学系统的性能保持不变。

在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，又例如，多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些通信接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。

另外，作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，既可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。

再者，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一起形成一个独立的部分，也可以是各个模块单独存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成形成一个独立的部分。

在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。

以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请的保护范围，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

The specific embodiment

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiment of the present application, which are normally described and shown in the drawings herein, may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely indicates the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

It should be noted that similar designations and letters indicate similar terms in the drawings below, so that once an item is defined in a drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a metasurface member design method in some embodiments of the present application, which is used for designing a metasurface member that is used to replace the target module in the optical system, and the optical system comprises a light source, the optical sensor and at least one optical element arranged between the light source and the optical sensor, wherein at least one continuous optical element constitutes a target module (i.e., one of the optical elements forms a target module or therein a plurality of continuous optical elements forms a target module), all devices on the front side of the target module form a forward-facing module, and all devices on the rear side of the target module form a backward-facing module;

The metasurface design method consists of the following steps:

A1. Obtain the transmission function of each optical element, the light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor;

A2. According to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source, calculate the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module;

A3. According to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor, calculate the light field distribution data of the rear waveplane of the target module;

A4. The metasurface phase distribution data is calculated according to the front wavesurface light field distribution data of the target module and the rear wavesurface light field distribution data of the target module;

A5.Design the metasurface parts according to the phase distribution data of the metasurface.

Only need to obtain the transmission function of each optical element, the light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor, the metasurface phase distribution data of the metasurface piece can be obtained through simple calculation, and then the metasurface part is designed according to the metasurface phase distribution data, so that the designed metasurface piece can realize the function of the target module, and after replacing the target module with the metasurface piece, the structure of the optical system can be simplified under the condition that the performance of the optical system remains unchanged.

Wherein, the optical element in the optical system is generally a plurality, but can also be one; the target module is a module composed of the optical element to be replaced in a continuous (refers to sequential continuous), when there is only one optical element, the optical element is the target module, and when there are multiple optical elements, the target module may include one or more optical elements (the sequence of the plurality of optical elements is continuous).

As shown in Figure 4, the optical system (i.e., the original optical system) before optimization comprises a light source, an optical sensor, and N optical elements arranged between the light source and the optical sensor (i.e., element 1 and element 2 in the figure,... , element N), the serial number of each optical element is increased sequentially from the side close to the light source to the side close to the optical sensor, thus, the front side refers to the side close to the light source, the rear side refers to the side close to the optical sensor, the z-axis in the figure coincides with the optical axis of the optical system, the y-axis is facing up, and the direction of the x-axis is determined by the right-hand rule, wherein, the light source and the front j-1 optical element form a forward module, and the j-th optical element forms the target module to the k-th optical element (i.e., the serial number of the first optical element in the j-target module, and the serial number of the last optical element in the target module when k) , the k+1st optical element to the Nth optical element and the optical sensor form the backward module.

Among them, optical components include, but are not limited to, lenses, mirrors, and other devices that use thickness and/or surface to change beam characteristics to control beam transmission.

Among them, one optical element can be used as the target module, and the combination of any continuous multiple optical components can be used as the target module. For example, in Figure 4, j can be equal to 1, k can be equal to N, when j = 1, the light source is a forward module, when k = N, the optical sensor is a backward module, and when j = 1 and k = N, the target module consists of all optical elements. Generally, k is greater than j, but it can also be equal to j, and when k is equal to j, it means that the target module includes only one optical element (generally, when an optical element has a complex structure, large footprint and/or high price, it can be replaced with a metasurface piece).

Among them, the light field distribution data in the present application refers to the distribution data of light intensity. In step A1, the light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source is the distribution data of the light intensity on the emitting surface, and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor is the distribution data of the light intensity on the receiving surface. The light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor can be measured in advance.

Wherein, in step A1, the transfer function of the optical element can be calculated according to the characteristics of the element and the principle of diffraction calculation, or the transfer function of the optical element can be obtained through simulation calculation. In general, for optical elements with simple structure, the transfer function can be calculated according to the element characteristics and diffraction calculation principle of the optical element (the specific calculation method is the prior art, which is not described in detail here), and for the optical element with complex structure, the transfer function can be obtained by simulation calculation (for example, simulation calculation by finite element method or finite difference time domain method).

Specifically, Step A2 includes:

If the forward module includes only light sources (i.e., j=1), the front-waveplane light field distribution data of the target module is calculated according to the following formula:

；

wherein, x and y are abscissa and ordinate respectively (as shown in Figure 4, the z-axis of the right-hand coordinate system xyz coincides with the optical axis of the optical system, and the positive z-axis direction is from front to back, the x-axis and y-axis are perpendicular to the z-axis, and the x-axis and y-axis are perpendicular to each other, the abscissa is the x-axis coordinates, and the ordinate is the y-axis coordinates), the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module, the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source, the Fourier transform function, and e is the base of the natural logarithm, is the imaginary symbol, which is the wavelength of the emitted light of the light source, and the distance from the emitting surface of the light source to the front wave surface of the first optical element (is a known value);

If the forward module contains optical components (i.e., j≥2), the front-wavelength field distribution data of the target module is calculated according to the following formula:

；

；

wherein m is the serial number, which is the front waveplane light field distribution data of the m-th optical element, the front-wave surface light field distribution data of the m-1 optical element, the transmission function of the m-1 optical element, and the serial number of the first optical element in the target module, and the front wavefront light field distribution data of the j-th optical elementis the distance from the rear wavesurface of the m-1 optical element to the front wavesurface of the m-1 optical element (both are known values), specifically, according to the above formula, in the order of m=1 to m=j (i.e., the ascending order of m), it is calculated in order until it is calculated, and the front wavesurface light field distribution data that is used as the target module is calculated.

Thus, the front wavesurface light field distribution data of the target module can be obtained through simple calculation.

Specifically, Step A3 includes:

If the backward module includes only optical sensors (i.e., k=N), the back-waveplane light field distribution data of the target module is calculated according to the following formula:

；

wherein is the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor, which is the Fourier transform function, the light field distribution data of the rear waveplane of the target module, and the distance from the receiving surface of the optical sensor to the rear wavelength of the Nth optical element (is a known value);

If the backward module contains optics (i.e., k≤N-1), the back-waveplane light field distribution data of the target module is calculated according to the following formula:

;

;

wherein n is the serial number, which is the rear waveplane light field distribution data of the nth optical element, the rear waveplane light field distribution data of the n+1st optical element, and the transfer function of the n+1st optical element, and k is the serial number of the last optical element in the target module, and the rear wavesurface light field distribution data of the kth optical element, which is the n+Specifically, according to the above formula, the distance from the front waveplane of one optical element to the rear waveplane of the nth optical element (both are known values), and in the order of n=N to n=k (i.e., the descending order of n), it is calculated in order until it is calculated, and the light field distribution data of the rear waveplane as the target module is calculated.

Thus, the light field distribution data of the rear waveplane of the target module can be obtained through simple calculation.

Specifically, in step A4, the metasurface phase distribution data is calculated according to the following formula:

；

Among them, the phase distribution data of the metasurface is the phase extraction function.

Thus, the phase distribution data of the metasurface can be obtained through simple calculations.

Wherein, in step A5, the design of the metasurface piece according to the metasurface phase distribution data is specifically to design the micro-nano structure on the metasurface of the metasurface according to the metasurface phase distribution data, and the specific design method is the prior art, which is not described in detail here.

From the above, it can be seen that the metasurface design method obtains the transfer function of each optical element, The light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the light field distribution data of the front wave plane of the target module are calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source; the light field distribution data of the rear wave surface of the target module is calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the phase distribution data of the metasurface is calculated according to the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module and the rear wave surface light field distribution data of the target module; and the metasurface parts are designed according to the phase distribution data of the metasurfaceTherefore, the designed metasurface parts can realize the functions jointly realized by the combination of replaced optical components, which is conducive to simplifying the structure of the optical system.

Referring to Fig. 2, the application provides a metasurface device design device for designing a metasurface piece for replacing the target module in the optical system, the optical system comprises a light source, an optical sensor and at least one optical element arranged between the light source and the optical sensor, wherein at least one continuous optical element constitutes a target module, all devices on the front side of the target module form a forward module, and all devices on the rear side of the target module form a backward module;

The metasurface design device comprises:

obtain module 1, which is used for obtaining the transfer function of each optical element, the light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor (refer specifically to step A1 of the preceding article);

the first calculation module 2 is used for calculating the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source (specifically refer to step A2 of the preceding article);

the second calculation module 3 is used for calculating the light field distribution data of the rear wavelength surface of the target module according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor (specifically refer to step A3 of the preceding article);

the third calculation module 4 is used for calculating the metasurface phase distribution data according to the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module and the rear wave surface light field distribution data of the target module (specifically refer to step A4 of the preceding article);

The design module 5 is used to design the metasurface piece based on the metasurface phase distribution data (refer to step A5 above).

Please refer to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for the embodiment of the present application, and the present application provides an electronic device comprising: a processor 301 and a memory 302, a processor 301 and a memory 302 through a communication bus 303 and/ or other forms of connecting mechanisms (not indicated) are interconnected and communicate with each other, the memory 302 stores an executable computer program of the processor 301, and when the electronic device is running, the processor 301 executes the computer program to perform a metasurface piece design method in any of the optional embodiments of the above embodiment, so as to realize the following functions: obtaining the transfer function of each optical element, The light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the light field distribution data of the front wave plane of the target module are calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source; the light field distribution data of the rear wave surface of the target module is calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the phase distribution data of the metasurface is calculated according to the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module and the rear wave surface light field distribution data of the target module; and the metasurface parts are designed according to the phase distribution data of the metasurface。

The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a metasurface piece design method in any of the optional embodiments of the above embodiment is executed to realize the following functions: obtaining the transfer function of each optical element, The light field distribution data of the emitting surface of the light source and the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the light field distribution data of the front wave plane of the target module are calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the emission surface of the light source; the light field distribution data of the rear wave surface of the target module is calculated according to the transmission function of each optical element and the light field distribution data of the receiving surface of the optical sensor; the phase distribution data of the metasurface is calculated according to the front wave surface light field distribution data of the target module and the rear wave surface light field distribution data of the target module; and the metasurface parts are designed according to the phase distribution data of the metasurface。 Among them, computer-readable storage media can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable ProgrammableRead-Only Memory, EEPROM), Erasable ProgrammableRead Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, disks or optical discs.

The application also provides an optical system optimization method, comprising: obtaining a metasurface component based on the design method of the metasurface element described above, and replacing the target module in the original optical system with the metasurface component.

For example, Figure 4 is the original optical system, and Figure 5 is the optimized optical system, which simplifies the structure of the optical system while keeping the performance of the optical system unchanged by replacing the original j-k-k optical element with a metasurface piece.

Preferably, the steps to replace the target module in the original optical system with a metasurface include:

if the forward module comprises an optical element (i.e., j≥2), the distance between the metasurface of the replaced metasurface component and the rear wavesurface of the last optical element in the forward module is equal to the distance between the rear wavesurface of the last optical element in the forward module in the original optical system and the front wavelength of the first optical element of the target module;

if the forward module only includes a light source (i.e., j=1), the distance between the metasurface of the replaced metasurface and the emitting surface of the light source is equal to the distance between the front wave surface of the first optical element in the original optical system and the emitting surface of the light source;

if the backward module comprises an optical element (i.e., k≤N-1), the distance between the metasurface of the replaced metasurface and the front wavesurface of the first optical element in the backward module is equal to the distance between the front waveplane of the first optical element in the backward module in the original optical system and the rear waveplane of the last optical element of the target module;

If the backward module includes only an optical sensor (i.e., k=N), the distance between the metasurface of the replaced metasurface and the receiving surface of the optical sensor is equal to the distance from the rear wavelength of the last optical element in the original optical system to the receiving surface of the optical sensor.

This ensures that the performance of the replaced optical system remains the same as that of the original optical system.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be realized by other means. The device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be another division mode when the actual implementation is realized, and for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not executed. On the other hand, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some communication interface, device or unit, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

In addition, the cells described as detached parts may or may not be physically separated, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, located in one place, or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units can be selected according to actual needs to realize the purpose of the present embodiment.

Furthermore, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.

For the purposes of this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or sequence between those entities or operations.

The foregoing is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application, which is subject to various changes and variations for those skilled in the art. Any amendments, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the scope of protection of this application.